Multilingual surveys and Quick translation | LimeSurvey

Run a survey in several languages with Quick translation

A multilingual survey is one survey with one set of responses, presented in each participant's language. You build it once in a base language, add the other languages, and translate the text — questions, answer options, emails and all. Responses land in the same table regardless of the language used, so analysis stays simple.

The distinction that trips people up is that adding a language and translating a language are two separate jobs. Adding a language creates an empty copy of every piece of text in the survey. Until someone fills those copies in, participants on that language quietly see the base language instead.

1. Add the languages

Open Settings (the gear in the left icon rail) → General. Two fields matter:

  • Base language — the language you author in, and the fallback for anything untranslated.
  • Survey languages — a multi-select field; type to filter and pick every additional language you need. They appear as chips.

Some languages offer variants — typing "German" offers German, German (easy) and German (informal) — so you can address participants formally or in plain language. The setting saves on its own.

Add your languages before you start translating, and ideally before activation. Everything you translate afterwards is extra work if the language set changes. Set the base language first too: it is the column your translators work from, so changing it mid-project means rethinking what has already been written.

The languages available to you can be restricted by your administrator. If one you need is missing, ask them to enable it.

2. Write the survey in the base language first

Build the whole questionnaire in your base language before you translate. Translating while the wording is still moving means paying for the same sentence twice.

3. Translate

Once a survey has at least two languages, you have two ways to translate. Both write to the same place.

Inline, one language at a time

A language switcher appears at the top centre of the editor canvas (the 文A dropdown). Pick a language and the canvas shows that language's content — edit questions, answer options and screens inline exactly as you did in the base language. Good for a quick fix, for a two-language survey with a handful of questions, or when you are translating as you build.

Quick translation — the tool for finishing the job

Click the Translations icon (文A) in the left icon rail. This is the screen to use for real translation work: it walks you through every translatable string in a structured way, so nothing is missed in a long survey.

The icon stays inert until a second language exists — hovering shows "Quick translation: Currently there are no additional languages configured for this survey." If you see that, go back to step 1.

Inside, pick your target from the Translate to: dropdown. Each tab shows two columns — your base-language text on the left, an editable rich-text field on the right — so a translator can work through the survey without touching survey logic.

TabWhat you translate
Survey title and descriptionSurvey name and description
Welcome and end textWelcome message and end message
Question groupsGroup titles and descriptions
QuestionsQuestion text and help text
SubquestionsSubquestion text
Answer optionsAnswer option labels
Invitation email subjectInvitation subject and body
Reminder email subjectReminder subject and body
Confirmation email subjectConfirmation subject and body
Registration email subjectRegistration subject and body
Basic admin notification subjectBasic notification subject and body
Detailed admin notification subjectDetailed notification subject and body

The six email tabs are labelled "…subject", but each one holds the subject field and the full message body underneath it. It is easy to translate the subject, scroll past the body and think the tab is done. Email bodies are the most commonly missed content in the whole survey.

This screen has a Save button and does not autosave. The survey canvas saves by itself; Quick translation does not — click Save before you switch tabs or leave the screen, or the work is lost. It is the single most common way to lose an afternoon of translating.

There is also an Auto Translate button, which fills the target column using machine translation. Treat it as a first draft to correct, never as a finished translation — it has no idea that "Fair" is a scale point rather than an adjective, or that a term is a term of art in your field.

4. Translate what Quick translation doesn't cover

Some text lives in its own panel and is translated there, one language at a time. The clearest example is the privacy policy: Settings → Privacy policy has its own Language dropdown, and the policy message, error message and checkbox label are translated per language in that panel.

The rule of thumb: if you cannot find a piece of text in Quick translation, open the panel it belongs to and switch that panel's language selector.

5. Let participants choose their language

  • Language switcher. A dropdown appears on the welcome page and in the top-right menu once the survey has more than one language, so participants can pick before they start. Both can be hidden by editing your theme — see Top menu — How to hide the language switcher.
  • URL parameter. Append &lang=de to the survey link to open it directly in that language. Use this when you already know the recipient's language.
  • Language switch question. A dedicated question type that places a language dropdown inside the survey itself, if you want the choice at a specific point rather than at the start.

6. Check each language before you activate

Untranslated strings fall back to the base language, silently. That is a safety net, not a result: a German participant meeting three English answer options will assume the survey is broken. A half-translated survey looks finished from the admin side, so previewing each language end to end is the only real check.

Three things to look for:

  • Untranslated strings. They render in the base language rather than failing, so they are easy to scroll past. The tail end of long surveys and the end screen are where gaps usually hide.
  • Text that has grown. German and Finnish routinely run 20–30% longer than English and will break an array layout tuned for the base language.
  • Email bodies. The most commonly missed content in the whole survey, for the reason in step 3.

Sending the right version to the right people

  • One link per language. On the Share tab, the Survey language version card lets you pick a language and copy the matching link — hand the German link to German participants and they never see the switcher.
  • Per-participant language. A participant list has a Language field on every entry (also importable from CSV as a language column). Set it, and each participant's invitation and survey open in their language automatically. This is the cleanest option for closed-access surveys.
  • Email templates are per language too. Under Email templates, the language tab switches which version you are editing.

Good to know

  • Translators don't need full access. Quick translation is a separate survey permission — under survey permissions you can give someone that and nothing else, so they can translate without being able to change your questions or see responses.
  • Email templates arrive partly pre-translated. LimeSurvey ships default invitation, reminder and confirmation text for supported languages, so Auto Translate is only needed for wording you have customised.
  • Every response records its language. All languages write into the same result set, and each response stores the language the participant started in (startlanguage), so you can filter or cross-tabulate by language version.
  • Some display settings are per language. Date format, decimal mark (dot or comma) and the survey alias are set per language — worth checking for languages that write 1.234,56 rather than 1,234.56.
  • Keep placeholders identical across languages. {FIRSTNAME} must stay {FIRSTNAME} in every version; translating what's inside the braces breaks the replacement.
  • Question codes never change. They are the variable names in your export and are shared by all languages — which is exactly why analysis is unaffected by how many languages you run.
  • Right-to-left text renders correctly in the survey and in preview, even when justified — though the admin editor may display it left-to-right while you type. RTL layout styling comes from the theme, so check your theme in preview rather than assuming the whole page mirrors.

Going further

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